Dandruff: why it keeps coming back

Dandruff is common, not a sign of poor hygiene, and it usually needs a steady routine rather than a single wash.

Dandruff appears when the scalp renews its cells too quickly and they shed as visible flakes. A yeast that lives naturally on every scalp, along with excess oil, plays a major role. Stress, cold dry weather and irregular washing can make it worse.

How to treat it

• Use a dedicated anti-dandruff shampoo, such as one with piroctone olamine (Octopirox®) and exfoliating acids.
• Leave it on the scalp for about three minutes before rinsing, so the actives have time to work.
• Use it three times a week for at least three weeks, then keep using it once a week to stop flakes returning.
• Avoid scratching, which irritates the scalp and makes flaking worse.

When to see a dermatologist

If the scalp is very red, itchy, oozing, or covered in thick scales, or if the flakes spread to the face, eyebrows or behind the ears, a dermatologist can check for conditions such as seborrhoeic dermatitis or psoriasis.

This guide is general information about cosmetic care and does not replace advice from a doctor or pharmacist.